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This year is a big year for politics around the world, with a significant portion of the world’s population voting in elections. In ‘size of electorate’ order, here are the 65 or so major elections (probably) taking place this year.1.
| COUNTRY | Population | Type of Election | Date/s | Freedom & Fairness Index2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| INDIA | 1.44B | Lok Sabha (House of the People) | expected April - May | 0.53 |
| EUROPEAN UNION | 448M (total 27 E.U. member states) | European Parliament | June 6-9 | 0.91 (avg 27 E.U. member states) |
| UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | 341M | Presidency, Senate, and House of Representatives | Nov. 5 | 0.83 |
| INDONESIA | 279M | Presidency, Regional Representative Council, House of Representatives | Feb. 14 | 0.68 |
| PAKISTAN | 243M | National Assembly | Feb. 8 | 0.30 |
| BANGLADESH | 174M | National Parliament | Jan. 7 | 0.16 |
| RUSSIAN FEDERATION | 144M | Presidency | March 15-17 | 0.25 |
| MEXICO | 129M | Presidency, Senate, Chamber of Deputies | June 2 | 0.75 |
| IRAN (ISLAMIC REP. OF) | 89.5M | Islamic Consultative Assembly, Assembly of Experts | March 1 | 0.32 |
| UNITED KINGDOM | 67.9M | House of Commons | expected in 2024,required by Jan. 28, 2025 | 0.93 |
| SOUTH AFRICA | 60.7M | National Assembly | expected May - August | 0.72 |
| REP. OF (SOUTH) KOREA | 51.8M | National Assembly | April 10 | 0.95 |
| ALGERIA | 46M | Presidency | expected in December | 0.29 |
| UKRAINE | 37.4M | Presidency | scheduled March 31 (may not occur due to martial law) | 0.57 |
| UZBEKISTAN | 35.4M | Legislative Chamber | expected in October,due by December | 0.33 |
| GHANA | 34.4M | Presidency, Parliament | Dec. 7 | 0.62 |
| MOZAMBIQUE | 34.4M | Presidency, Assembly of the Republic | Oct. 9 | 0.18 |
| MADAGASCAR | 30.7M | National Assembly | due by May | 0.43 |
| VENEZUELA, BOLIVARIAN REP. OF | 29.1M | Presidency | expected in December | 0.11 |
| D.P.R.K. (NORTH KOREA) | 26.2M | Supreme People’s Assembly | April 10 | 0.14 |
| TAIWAN | 23.9M | Presidency, Legislative Yuan | Jan. 13 | 0.94 |
| SYRIAN ARAB REP, | 23.8M | People’s Assembly | TBD | 0.00 |
| MALI | 23.6M | Presidency | scheduled for February, junta postponed indefinitely for “technical reasons” | 0.00 |
| SRI LANKA | 21.9M | Presidency, Parliament | TBD | 0.76 |
| ROMANIA | 19.7M | Presidency, Senate, Chamber of Deputies | expected November - December | 0.86 |
| CHAD | 18.6M | Presidency | expected in October | 0.00 |
| SENEGAL | 18.0M | Presidency | Feb. 25 | 0.75 |
| CAMBODIA | 17.0M | Senate | Feb. 25 | 0.14 |
| RWANDA | 14.3M | Presidency, Chamber of Deputies | July 15 | 0.37 |
| TUNISIA | 12.5M | Presidency | expected in autumn | 0.02 |
| BELGIUM | 11.7M | Chamber of Representatives | June 9 | 0.97 |
| DOMINICAN REP. | 11.4M | Presidency, Senate, Chamber of Deputies | May 19 | 0.63 |
| JORDAN | 11.4M | House of Representatives | expected in November | 0.49 |
| SOUTH SUDAN | 11.2M | Presidency, National Legislature | expected in December | 0.00 |
| CZECHIA [CZECH REP.] | 10.5M | Senate | TBD | 0.95 |
| AZERBAIJAN | 10.4M | Presidency | Feb. 7 | 0.08 |
| PORTUGAL | 10.2M | Assembly of the Republic | March 10 | 0.95 |
| BELARUS | 9.5M | Chamber of Representatives | Feb. 25 | 0.14 |
| TOGO | 9.2M | National Assembly | expected in early 2024 | 0.40 |
| AUSTRIA | 9.0M | National Council | expected on Sept. 29 | 0.93 |
| EL SALVADOR | 6.4M | Presidency, Legislative Assembly | Feb. 4 | 0.35 |
| SLOVAKIA | 5.7M | Presidency | TBD | 0.93 |
| FINLAND | 5.5M | Presidency | Jan. 28 | 0.96 |
| MAURITANIA | 4.9M | Presidency | June 22 | 0.42 |
| PANAMA | 4.5M | Presidency, National Assembly | May 5 | 0.86 |
| CROATIA | 4.0M | Presidency, Parliament | presidential election expected in December; date of parl’y elections TBD | 0.92 |
| GEORGIA | 3.7M | Presidency, Parliament | parliamentary elections on Oct. 26; date of presidential election TBD | 0.59 |
| MONGOLIA | 3.5M | State Great Khural | expected in June | 0.65 |
| URUGUAY | 3.4M | Presidency, Senate, Chamber of Representatives | Oct. 27 | 0.93 |
| REP. OF MOLDOVA | 3.4M | Presidency | expected in November | 0.82 |
| LITHUANIA | 2.7M | Presidency, Seimas | presidential election on May 12; parliamentary elections on Oct. 13 | 0.89 |
| BOTSWANA | 2.7M | National Assembly | expected in October | 0.58 |
| NAMIBIA | 2.6M | Presidency, National Assembly | TBD | 0.65 |
| GUINEA BISSAU | 2.2M | Presidency | TBD | 0.23 |
| NORTH MACEDONIA | 2.1M | Presidency, Assembly | presidential election on April 24; parliamentary elections on May 8 | 0.60 |
| MAURITIUS | 1.3M | National Assembly | TBD | 0.57 |
| COMOROS | 0.86M | Presidency | Jan. 14 | 0.07 |
| BHUTAN | 0.79M | National Assembly | Jan. 9 | 0.85 |
| SOLOMON ISLANDS | 0.75M | National Parliament | expected in April | 0.63 |
| MALDIVES | 0.52M | People’s Majlis | expected March - May | 0.66 |
| ICELAND | 0.38M | Presidency | June 1 | 0.89 |
| KIRIBATI | 0.14M | Presidency, House of Assembly | TBD | NA |
| SAN MARINO | 0.03M | Grand and General Council | expected in December | NA |
| PALAU | 0.02M | Presidency, Senate, House of Delegates | Nov. 12 | NA |
| TUVALU | 0.01M | Parliament | Jan. 26 | NA |
Figure 1 above illustrates the slowdown in democratic advances that has taken place over the last few years3; the line shows the number of countries where advances/declines in important elements of democratic states have been observed by Stockholm’s International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance. The start of the tendency towards democratic retreat seems to align with the financial crisis which started in 2007 (or perhaps it’s the iPhone which is responsible 😉), and to have become deeply ingrained after 2016, the start year of the Trump presidency the US.
Let’s hope that where people have the choice in this year’s elections around the world, they contribute to choosing governments that will make sure there are again more advances that declines, after all, democracy is the least bad form of government!4
The Ultimate Election Year: All the Elections Around the World in 2024 - Time
Can democracy survive 2024? - Financial Times
Democracy’s Super Bowl: 40 elections that will shape global politics in 2024 - The Guardian
The Global State of Democracy Initiative: GSOD
Increase of ‘populism’: Remember ‘democratic’ does not necessarily imply ‘liberal’…
Populism Map
If you’re interested in ‘voter turnout’ around the world, that is, how many people actually go and vote when given the opportunity, this might be useful:
The organisation that produces the ‘Freedom and Fairness’ data in the elections table.
Information collated from ‘Time’ article: The Ultimate Election Year: All the Elections Around the World in 2024↩︎
The Time article says this is based on data and assessment from the ‘Varieties of Democracy’ organisation, which investigates how democracies around the world vary. If you’re interested in doing your own analysis, they provide a lot of data!↩︎
See Quote Investigator for the confused ‘origins’ of this idea.↩︎
